Start indoors 4-6 weeks before last frost, plant out after frost. Direct sow in late summer or autumn as soon as the seed ripens. Deep rooted, grows in many soils except heavy clay but will grow in clay loam. Moles and others like the roots. If an issue, plant in a raised bed with a hardware cloth bottom or container. Is a heavy feeder, mulch well. Start divisions the after third year. Seeds require light to germinate, press into soil, do not cover. Soil pH 5.6-7.8. Hardiness zones 4. Perennial.
Usual seed life: 2-3 years, use fresh seed.
Planting Depth
1/4-1/2” requires light
Soil Temp. Germ.
70˚FDays to Germ.
14-21Plant Spacing
24-36”Row Spacing
4-5’Days To Maturity
90-115Part Shade,
Moist Well Drained